India President "Draupadi Murmu's" Tribe's special role in Independence

                                                                      Santhal Tribe

 Another name has come up in the name of Draupadi Murmu, the NDA's presidential candidate, and that is her tribe, The Santhal, which is unique in the fight against the English, two years before the start of the first war of independence. The Santhals rebelled for land. Even if you know you can't stand in front of modern weapons.. In order to protect self-respect and rights, the British army was attacked with bows.

Santhal is an Adivasi tribe living in Odisha, Jharkhand, Bengal and Bihar. Their language is Santhali. Before the Rule of the East India Company.. They lived by protecting the forests, hunting and cultivating them. The eyes of the English, who looked at trade and profit in everything, fell on the forests where they lived. The forests were levelled.. It was decided to cultivate commercial crops. In addition to this.. In 1793, Cornwallis introduced the zamindari system. So he paid revenue and handed over the to the zamindars. In this order, the forest land under the protection of the Santhals was also auctioned. .Handed over to the zamindars. Santhals were not told about it. To be able to do agriculture.. He promised to allot land to all the Santhals in one place.. A separate area was designated as Santhal Pargana(now in Jharkhand). 

The Santhals, who believed it, rejoiced. All the tribes from Odisha, Bihar and Bengal were brought together. With hard work, the entire land was levelled and made agricultural and habitable. After all this was completed, the Uneducated Adivasis were deceived by the English. The land was handed over to the zamindars. The Santhals became aliens in the land that had hitherto been theirs and protectors. They became slaves under zamindars. In addition to this.. the money deal is also new to them. Until then, the Santhals, who were living among themselves in the barter system, had no understanding of money. With this.. the zamindars had to depend on lenders and moneylenders to pay revenue. 

Gradually, many people turned to the construction of railway lines and the cultivation of indigo. Thus the life of the Santhals was ruined. No matter how many times he appealed to the English government, it was as if a conch shell had been blown in front of a deaf man. The discontent among the Santhals increased day by day. In this background.. Under the leadership of the murmu brothers Sidhu, Kanhu, Chand and Bhairav, who were the priests of the tribe, all came together. By rebellion.. we will come out of oppression.. In June 1855, Sidhu Murmu declared.. The Santhals sent messages to all through the leaves. On June 7, around 10,000 people gathered in Bhoganadih village. An alert was sent to the zamindars along with the officials of the East India Company. There was no response. He set out to meet the Governor-General in Calcutta. But in the meantime, the head of their tribe was arrested by the English government. As soon as i came to know about this.. 

Santhal's anger broke the shackles. The bows rose up. The rebellion spread like wildfire. These Adivasi who have declared their independence in their areas.. They vowed to fight against the English and their agents as long as they were alive in bondage.

A company that has taken in lightly.. Some policemen have been sent for talks. Their bodies wen back. The Englishmen were shocked by this and prepared for war. The Santhals had already captured areas of Rajmahal (in present-day Jharkhand), Bhagalpur(Bihar) and Birbhum (Bengal). Zamindars and moneylenders were driven out. The British police who came to their rescue also fled. The English who felt that there was no point in ignoring it anymore, attacked bengal with modern weapons. The Santhals turned against each other with traditional bows and arrows. For nearly a year, the English were threatened. But they could not stop in front of modern weapons. Nearly 20,000 Santhals, including Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu, were killed by the British army. By 1856, the revolt was over. Guerrilla-style attacks continued until 1857.

Despite the successful suppression of the Adivasi rebellion. the English corrected their mistake. The Santhal Pargana Tenancy Act was brought in so that the land of the Santhals was not looted by others. Law and order in these areas has been handed over to the village elders and not to the police.